比如我们要执行一个命令,(暂时没想到执行时间N长的命令,假设一个shell) test.sh , 现在提交并隐藏在后台

$./test.sh >> test.log &

意思是,执行test.sh 反馈的结构输送至 test.log , &表示这个命令提交至后台执行.

执行后,返回一个进程号,可以用ps来查看.

这样,我们可以连续在同一个终端窗口上运行多个持续的命令.

然后,问题又来.我们运行这些命令至后台后,如果想退出终端窗口,那么后台的命令也随之中断.我们得想办法让进程持续运行.这里得使用此命令 nohup

重新执行上边的操作,那么我们应该这样执行

$nohup ./test.sh >> test.log

然后敲logout,放心,再登陆试试ps,进程依然存在!

myshell_demo

#!/bin/sh
h_path = “/root/”
url=”http://www.sunboyu.cn/sourse/”
install_dir=”/opt/”
mkdir $install_dir

termcap_sourse_name=”termcap-1.3.1″

mysql_sourse_name=”mysql-5.0.22″
mysql_install_dir=$install_dir$mysql_sourse_name

openssl_sourse_name=”openssl-0.9.8g”
openssl_install_dir=$install_dir$openssl_sourse_name

httpd_sourse_name=”httpd-2.2.9″
httpd_install_dir=$install_dir$httpd_sourse_name

fastcgi_sourse_name=”mod_fastcgi-2.4.6″
fastcgi_install_dir=$install_dir$fastcgi_sourse_name

libxml2_sourse_name=”libxml2-2.6.30″
libxml2_install_dir=$install_dir$libxml2_sourse_name

zlib_sourse_name=”zlib-1.2.3″
zlib_install_dir=$install_dir$zlib_sourse_name

jpeg_sourse_name=”jpegsrc.v6b”
jpeg_install_dir=$install_dir$jpeg_sourse_name

libpng_sourse_name=”libpng-1.2.29″
libpng_install_dir=$install_dir$libpng_sourse_name

freetype_sourse_name=”freetype-2.3.7″
freetype_install_dir=$install_dir$freetype_sourse_name

php_sourse_name=”php-5.2.6″
php_install_dir=$install_dir$php_sourse_name

###MYSQL
wget ${url}${termcap_sourse_name}”.tar.gz”
tar -zxvf $termcap_sourse_name”.tar.gz”
cd $termcap_sourse_name
./configure
make && make install
cd ..
rm -rf ${termcap_sourse_name}*

groupadd mysql
useradd -g mysql mysql

wget ${url}${mysql_sourse_name}”.tar.gz”
tar -zxvf $mysql_sourse_name”.tar.gz”
cd $mysql_sourse_name
./configure –prefix=$mysql_install_dir –enable-thread-safe-client –enable-local-infile –enable-largefile –with-charset=utf8 –with-uca –with-gnu-ld –with-pic –with-mysqld-libs –with-comment –with-query-cache –with-bench –with-big-tables –with-innodb –with-mysqld-use=mysql
make && make install
cd ..
rm -rf ${mysql_sourse_name}*

###APACHE

wget ${url}${openssl_sourse_name}”.tar.gz”
tar -zxvf $openssl_sourse_name”.tar.gz”
cd $openssl_sourse_name
./configure –prefix=$openssl_install_dir
make && make install
cd ..
rm -rf ${openssl_sourse_name}*

wget ${url}${httpd_sourse_name}”.tar.gz”
tar -zxvf $httpd_sourse_name”.tar.gz”
cd $httpd_sourse_name
./configure –prefix=$httpd_install_dir –enable-authz-dbm –enable-log-config –enable-headers –enable-setenvif –with-ssl=$openssl_install_dir –enable-static-ab –enable-http –enable-mime –enable-status –enable-suexec –enable-vhost-alias –enable-dir –enable-rewrite –with-mpm=worker
make && make install
cd ..
rm -rf ${httpd_sourse_name}*

wget ${url}${fastcgi_sourse_name}”.tar.gz”
tar -zxvf $fastcgi_sourse_name”.tar.gz”
cd $fastcgi_sourse_name
sed ’s/\/usr\/local\/apache2/\/opt\/httpd-2.2.9\//g’ Makefile.AP2 > Makefile
make && make install
cd ..
rm -rf ${fastcgi_sourse_name}*

###PHP
wget ${url}${libxml2_sourse_name}”.tar.gz”
tar -zxvf $libxml2_sourse_name”.tar.gz”
cd $libxml2_sourse_name
./configure –prefix=$libxml2_install_dir
make && make install
cd ..
rm -rf ${libxml2_sourse_name}*

wget ${url}${zlib_sourse_name}”.tar.gz”
tar -zxvf $zlib_sourse_name”.tar.gz”
cd $zlib_sourse_name
./configure –prefix=$zlib_install_dir
make && make install
cd ..
rm -rf ${zlib_sourse_name}*

wget ${url}${jpeg_sourse_name}”.tar.gz”
tar -zxvf $jpeg_sourse_name”.tar.gz”
cd $jpeg_sourse_name
cp makefile.unix Makefile
make && make install
cd ..
rm -rf ${jpeg_sourse_name}*

wget ${url}${libpng_sourse_name}”.tar.gz”
tar -zxvf $libpng_sourse_name”.tar.gz”
cd $libpng_sourse_name
./configure –prefix=$libpng_install_dir
make && make install
cd ..
rm -rf ${libpng_sourse_name}*

wget ${url}${freetype_sourse_name}”.tar.gz”
tar -zxvf $freetype_sourse_name”.tar.gz”
cd $freetype_sourse_name
./configure –prefix=$freetype_install_dir
make && make install
cd ..
rm -rf ${freetype_sourse_name}*

wget ${url}${php_sourse_name}”.tar.gz”
tar -zxvf $php_sourse_name”.tar.gz”
./php-5.2.6/configure –enable-cli –enable-cgi –enable-fastcgi –enable-force-cgi-redirect –enable-discard-path –enable-path-info-check –with-openssl –with-pcre-regex –enable-calendar –enable-dom –enable-ftp –with-openssl-dir=/usr/local/openssl –enable-gd-jis-conv –enable-hash –with-iconv –enable-json –enable-mbstring –enable-mbregex –enable-pdo –enable-posix –enable-libxml –enable-simplexml –with-sqlite –enable-tokenizer –enable-xmlreader –enable-xmlwriter –with-zlib=/usr/local/zlib –with-freetype-dir=/usr/local/freetype –with-gd –with-jpeg-dir=/usr/lib/libjpeg.so.62.0.0

感谢PHP开源支持者的鼓励，感谢杜江老师的鼓励。mysqldump v1.0 demo 下载 版权所有，欢迎盗版！

源代码

#!/usr/local/bin/php -q
# mysql cron manager system
# sunboyu@gmail.com
# v1.0
define(’SUN_FILE_NAME’,'bak.sh’);
define(’SUN_BAK_PATH’,’./’); #bak path
define(’SUN_CFG_PATH’,’./’); #config file path
define(’SUN_LOG_PATH’,’./’); #log file path
define(’SUN_DATABASE_CHARACTER’,'UTF-8′); #mysql character
define(’SUN_SHELL_EXEC’,”system”);
define(’SUN_IS_TAR’,0);
#save temp argv in session
session_start();

Main::mains();

class Main
{
//main()
public static function mains()
{
KernelInfo::version();
self::getUserInput();
}
//for user’s inpyt
public function getUserInput()
{
while(($u_char = KernelBase::cgetchar(’shell’))&&($u_char != ‘quit’))
{
switch($u_char)
{
case “–help”:
KernelInfo::help();
break;
case “–version”:
KernelInfo::version();
break;
case “–check”:
KernelInfo::checksystem();
break;
case “–mysqldump”:
Mysql::MysqlGuide();
break;
default:
print(”error input!\n”);
break;
}
}
}
}

class KernelBase
{
//get input string
public function cgetchar( $cue = false )
{
if( $cue )
{
print($cue.”:”);
}
$string = trim(fgets(STDIN));
return $string;
}
//get argvs
public function cgetargv( $string )
{
if(!empty($string))
{
$argvs = explode( ” ” , $string );
$reargvs = false;
for( $i = 0; $i < count($argvs) ; $i++ )
{
if( $argvs[$i][0]==’-’ && $argvs[$i][1]==’-’ )
{
$reargvs[$argvs[$i]] = true;
$x++;
}
else if( $argvs[$i][0]==’-’ && $argvs[$i][1]!=’-’ )
{
$reargvs[$argvs[$i]] = isset($argvs[($i+1)])&&($argvs[($i+1)][0]!=’-')&&($argvs[($i+1)][0]!=”) ? $argvs[($i+1)] : ”;
isset($argvs[($i+1)])&&($argvs[($i+1)][0]!=’-')&&($argvs[($i+1)][0]!=”) ? $i++ : ”;
}
}
return $reargvs;
}
else
{
return false;
}
}
}

class KernelIO
{
//write file
public function write_file( $filename , $content )
{
$handle = fopen( $filename );
fwrite( $handle , $content );
fclose( $handle );
}
}
class KernelInfo
{
//show version
public function version()
{
print(”##################################\n”);
print(”# Mysql Back Cron Manage Shell #\n”);
print(”# Auth: sunboyu #\n”);
print(”# Version: v1.0 #\n”);
print(”##################################\n”);
}
//show help
public function help()
{
print(sprintf(”%s [--version] [--help] [--check]\n”,SUN_FILE_NAME));
print(” –version Show\n”);
print(” –help This Help\n”);
print(” –check This Help\n”);
}
//check system info
public function checksystem()
{
print(”System:”.$_GLOBAL['System'].”\n”);
$check_dir = array( SUN_BAK_PATH , SUN_CFG_PATH , SUN_LOG_PATH );
foreach($check_dir as $key => $value)
{
if(is_writable($value))
{
print(”The dir ‘”.$value.”‘ is writable!\n”);
}
else
{
print(”The dir ‘”.$value.”‘ is unwritable.Please check the power!\n”);
print(”The shell is stop!”);
exit();
}
}
$shell_exec = SUN_SHELL_EXEC;
if($shell_exec(’ls’))
{
print(”The shell can execute “.SUN_SHELL_EXEC.”;\n”);
}
else
{
print(”The shell can’t execute “.SUN_SHELL_EXEC.”;\n”);
print(”The shell is stop!”);
exit();
}
print(”The Shell can work in this system!\n”);
}
//check is writeable the dir
public function is_writeable( $dir )
{
return @is_writable( $dir );
}
}

#Mysql Dump
class Mysql
{
function MysqlGuide()
{
$mysqlargv = array(
‘-host’ => false,
‘-username’ => false,
‘-password’ => false,
‘-datebase’ => false,
‘-otherargv’ => false
);
$argvs = KernelBase::cgetargv(KernelBase::cgetchar(”input argv”));
foreach($argvs as $key => $value)
{
$mysqlargv[$key] = empty($value) ? ” : $value;
}
if($mysqlargv['-host']&&$mysqlargv['-username']&&$mysqlargv['-datebase'])
{
self::Mysqldump( $mysqlargv['-host'] , $mysqlargv['-username'] , $mysqlargv['-password'] , $mysqlargv['-datebase'] , $mysqlargv['-otherargv'] );
}
else
{
print(”error vars!\n”);
}
}
function Mysqldump( $host = false , $username = false , $password = ” , $datebase = false , $otherargv = false )
{
$shell_exec = SUN_SHELL_EXEC;
if($host&&$username&&$datebase)
{
$command = “mysqldump –opt “.$datebase.” -u”.$datebase.” -p”.$db_password.( $otherargv ? $otherargv : ” ).” > “.SUN_BAK_PATH.”db_bak.sql”;
$feedback = $shell_exec( $command );
print($feedback.”\n”);
}
}
}

?>

完成后，php所在目录 /usr/local/bin/php

运营 ./php -v 显示php版本信息，证明安装成功

编写我的第一个php shell脚本
#!/usr/local/bin/php -q
echo “Hello World!”;
?>

保存为 test.sh
运行，屏幕会 回显 Hello World!

在命令行下，不会存在get post之类的动作，除非参数写到页面内，而php恰巧提供了这样的命令行参数接口，$argv
修改test.sh
#!/usr/local/bin/php -q
print_r($argv);
?>

加参数运行 ./test.sh t1 t2 ，回显为

Array
(
[0] => ./test.sh
[1] => t1
[2] => t2
)

下边是我在与非门科技工作时候的几个php shell应用，抛砖引玉，希望大家能学会这些简单但又适用的技能。

$root = “/var/www/”;
$bakdir = “/var/wwwbak/”.date(”Y-m-d”);
$dir = array(”***.eefocus.com”,”***.eefocus.com”);
if(!is_dir($bakdir)){
mkdir($bakdir);
}
foreach($dir as $key=>$value)
{
exec(”tar zcf “.$bakdir.”/”.$value.”.tar.gz /var/www/”.$value);
#echo “tar zcf “.$bakdir.”/”.$value.”.tar.gz /var/www/”.$value.”
“;
}
?>

这是一个简单的网站目录备份程序，使用cron每天执行，自动tar压包备份网站。虽然很笨的方法，但网站安全系数提高了，这个过程也不用写啥bash去解决。

其实在php执行shell的时候，已经支持命令行参数了，这些应用下次分解。

参考网站：

http://www.phpbuilder.com/columns/darrell20000319.php3

http://www.php-cli.com/